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Antoine Alfred Agénor, 10th Duc de Gramont, Prince de Bidache, etc. (14 August 1819 - 17 January 1880) was a French diplomat and statesman. ==Life== He was born in Paris of one of the most illustrious families of the old noblesse, a cadet branch of the viscounts of Aure, which took its name from the Seignory of Gramont in Navarre. His grandfather, Antoine Louis Marie, duc de Gramont (1755–1836), had emigrated during the French Revolution, and his father, Antoine Heraclius Genevieve Agenor (1789–1855), duc de Gramont and de Guiche, fought under the British flag in the Peninsular War, became a lieutenant-general in the French army in 1823, and in 1830 accompanied Charles X of France to Scotland. The younger generation, however, were Bonapartist in sympathy; Gramont's cousin Antoine Louis Raymond, comte de Gramont (1787–1825), though also the son of an ''émigré'', served with distinction in Napoléon's armies, while Antoine Agenor, duc de Gramont, owed his career to his early friendship for Louis Napoleon. Educated at the École Polytechnique, Gramont early gave up the army for diplomacy. It was not, however, till after the ''coup d'état'' of 2 December 1851, which made Louis Napoleon supreme in France, that he became conspicuous as a diplomat. He was successively minister plenipotentiary at Cassel and Stuttgart (1852), at Turin (1853), ambassador at Washington DC (1854), Rome (1857) and at Vienna (1861). In 1854 he was involved in the disastrous sinking of the SS Arctic, while en route to Washington DC. De Gramont was observed leaping from the ship into the last lifeboat; he was one of the 85 survivors (61 crewmembers and 24 male passengers). More than 300 lives were lost, including all the women and children on board. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Agenor, duc de Gramont」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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